ACTIVE - PASSIVE VOICE (Tugas 2)
ACTIVE - PASSIVE VOICE
Kata kerja transitif mempunyai dua voice (ragam gramatikal),
aktif dan pasif.
Active Voice (Kalimat Aktif) adalah kalimat
yang subject-nya berbuat sesuatau atau melakukan suatu pekerjaan. Dalam
bahasa indonesia ciri-ciri kalimat aktif adalah kata kerjanya selalu
berawalan “me-“ dan beberapa lagi memiliki awalan “ber-“.
PASSIVE: Tina is
helped by Jane. (Artinya: Tina ditolong oleh Jane)
Passive Voice (Kalimat Pasif) adalah kalimat
yang subject-nya dikenai suatu pekerjaan atau menderita suatu. Dengan kata
lain subject kalimat tersebut menjadi sasaran kegiatan yang
dinyatakan oleh kata kerja. Dalam bahasa indonesia ciri-ciri kalimat pasif
adalah kata kerjanya yang berawalan dengan “di-“ dan beberapa lagi
memiliki awalan “ter-“ (tergantung pada konteks kalimat).
ACTIVE:
Jane helps Tina. (Artinya: Jane menolong Tina)
Bentuk dari Passive Voice (kalimat pasif) adalah
: TO BE / BE + VERB 3
Dalam bentuk kalimat pasif, biasanya diikuti dengan
frase “by”.
Object Tak Langsung Sebagai Subject Pasif
Contoh:
ACTIVE: Someone gave Mrs.
Grim an award.
PASSIVE: Mrs.
Grim was given an award by someone.
ACTIVE: Someone gave an
award to Mrs. Grim.
PASSIVE: An
award was given to Mrs. Grim.
Simple Present
Jika active voice dalam simple present tense, maka ‘be’
passive voice-nya adalah is, am atau are.
ACTIVE / PASSIVE
Examples:
Active : She waters this plant every two days.
Passive : This plant is watered by her every two days.
Passive : This plant is watered by her every two days.
Simple Past
Jika active voice dalam simple past tense, maka ‘be’
passive voice-nya adalah was atau were
ACTIVE/PASSIVE
Example:
Active : She watered this plant this morning
Passive : This plant was watered by her this morning
Passive : This plant was watered by her this morning
Present Continuous
Jika active voice dalam future perfect continuous tense,
maka ‘be’ passive voice-nya adalah will have been + being.
Jika active voice dalam past future perfect continuous
tense, maka ‘be’ passive voice-nya adalah would have been + being.
ACTIVE / PASSIVE
Examples:
Active : She will have been watering this plant.
Passive : This plant will have been being watered by her.
Passive : This plant will have been being watered by her.
Active : She would be watering this plant.
Passive : This plant would be being watered by her.
Passive : This plant would be being watered by her.
Past Continuous
Jika active voice dalam past continuous tense, maka ‘be’
passive voice-nya adalah (was atau were) + being.
ACTIVE / PASSIVE
Examples:
Active : She was watering this plant.
Passive : This plant was being watered by her.
Passive : This plant was being watered by her.
Present Perfect
Jika active voice dalam present perfect tense, maka ‘be’
passive voice-nya adalah been yang diletakkan setelah auxiliary has atau have,
sehingga menjadi ‘has been’ atau ‘have been’
ACTIVE / PASSIVE
Examples:
Active : She has watered this plant for 5 minutes.
Passive : This plant has been watered by her for 5 minutes.
Passive : This plant has been watered by her for 5 minutes.
Past Perfect
Jika active voice dalam past perfect tense, maka ‘be’
passive voice-nya adalah been yang diletakkan setelah auxiliary had, sehingga
menjadi had been
ACTIVE / PASSIVE
Examples:
Active : She had watered this plant for 5 minutes when I got
here
Passive : This plant had been watered by her for 5 minutes when I got here
Passive : This plant had been watered by her for 5 minutes when I got here
Rumus Passive Voice (Kalimat Pasif) Menggunakan Modal
Auxiliaries
Jika pada suatu kalimat terdapat Modal Auxiliaries, maka rumus bentuk pasifnya adalah:
Pada kalimat positif
|
MODAL + be + VERB 3
|
Pada kalimat negatif
|
MODAL + NOT + be + VERB 3
|
Pada bentuk lampau kalimat pasif
|
MODAL + have been + VERB 3
|
Contoh Passive Voice (Kalimat Pasif) Dengan Menggunakan Modal
Auxiliaries
Modal Auxiliaries and Similar Expression
|
Contoh Passive Voice (Kalimat Pasif)
|
Can - Could
(bisa/dapat)
|
The door can be opened.
(Artinya: Pintunya dapat dibuka.)
The window can’t be opened.
(Artinya: Jendelanya tidak dapat dibuka.)
This problem could not be fixed by us.
(Artinya: Masalah ini tidak dapat diselesaikan oleh kita.)
|
be able to
(bisa/dapat)
|
Shania is able to be hired for Chemical Staff
Department.
(Artinya: Shania dapat dipekerjakan untuk bagian staf
bahan kimia.)
|
Will - Would
(akan)
|
Tom will be invited to the party by Kim.
(Artinya: Tom akan diundang ke pesta oleh Kim.)
Mr. Lee told me that the schedule would not be
canceled.
(Artinya: Tuan Lee mengatakan kepada saya bahwa jadwalnya
tidak akan dibatalkan.)
|
May - Might
(boleh/ mungkin)
|
The Cooking club may be joined by everyone.
(Artinya: Klub memasak boleh diikuti oleh semua orang.)
The machine might not be operated now.
(Artinya: Mesin ini tidak boleh dioperasikan sekarang.)
|
Must - Have to
(harus/ pasti)
|
My homework must be finished as soon as
possible.
(Artinya: Pekerjaan rumah saya harus diselesaikan secepat
mungkin.)
This company has to be established before June.
(Artinya: Perusahaan ini harus didirikan sebelum bulan
Juni.)
|
Should - Ought to
(seharusnya)
|
That book should not be stolen by him.
(Artinya: Buku itu tidak seharusnya dicuri oleh dia.)
This Letter ought to be sent last week.
(Artinya: Surat ini seharusnya dikirim minggu lalu.)
|
be supposed to
(seharusnya)
|
Fred is supposed to be told about the meeting.
(Artinya: Fred seharusnya diberitahu tentang pertemuan
atau rapat.)
|
be going to
(akan)
|
He is going to be fired from his position as
soon as possible.
(Artinya: Dia akan diberhentikan dari jabatannya
secepatnya.)
|
Contoh The Past Passive Voice (Bentuk Lampau Kalimat Pasif)
Dengan Menggunakan Modal Auxiliaries
Modal Auxiliaries
|
The Past – Passive Form (Bentuk Lampau Kalimat Pasif)
|
Should
|
The letter should have been sent last week.
(Artinya: Suratnya seharusnya sudah dikirim minggu lalu.)
|
Must
|
This house must have been built over 200 years
ago.
(Artinya: Rumah ini pasti sudah dibangun lebih dari 200
tahun yang lalu.)
|
Ought to
|
Jack ought to have been invited to the party.
(Artinya: Jack seharusnya sudah diundang ke pesta.)
|
Sumbernya mana nih ?
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